Skip to main content

Creative Commons (CC) is a non-profit organisation that provides free, standardised licenses for creators to use when sharing their work. These licenses are designed to make it easier for creators to share their work with others while retaining certain rights, such as attribution and control over how the work is used.

 

There are several types of CC licenses, each of which allows for different levels of use and modification of the original work. These licenses range from the most restrictive, which requires that the work be used only for non-commercial purposes and without modification, to the most permissive, which allows for unlimited use, modification, and redistribution of the work, even for commercial purposes.

 

The CC licenses are based on a series of standardised icons and legal language that make it clear what the terms of use are for each work. This allows creators to easily communicate their intentions and for users to understand what they can and cannot do with the work.

 

Using a CC license can be beneficial for creators because it allows them to share their work with a wider audience while still retaining control over how the work is used. It can also be helpful for users because it provides a clear framework for using and sharing works that would otherwise be protected by copyright.

 

In summary, Creative Commons licensing is a system of free, standardised licenses that allow creators to share their work while retaining certain rights. By using CC licenses, creators can make it easier for others to use and share their work while maintaining control over how it is used.

 

About the Licenses – What They Do

The Creative Commons copyright licenses and tools forge a balance inside the traditional “all rights reserved” setting that copyright law creates. These tools give everyone from individual creators to large companies and institutions a simple, standardised way to grant copyright permissions to their created work. The combination of these tools and the users is a large and growing digital works, a pool of created content that can be copied, distributed, edited, remixed, and built upon, all within the boundaries of copyright law. The key to this is understanding the different types of Creative Commons License that is assigned to each piece of work.

 

About the Licenses – Design and Rationale

All Creative Commons licenses have several features in common. Every license helps creators —called licensors if they use the CC tools — retain copyright while giving others permission to copy, distribute, and make some uses of this  work — at least non-commercially.

 

Every Creative Commons license also ensures licensors get the credit for their work they deserve. Every Creative Commons license works around the world and lasts as long as applicable copyright lasts (because they are built on copyright). These common features serve as the baseline, on top of which licensors can choose to grant additional permissions when deciding how they want their work to be used.

 

Creative Commons licenses do not affect freedoms that the law grants to users of creative works otherwise protected by copyright, such as exceptions and limitations to copyright law like fair dealing. Creative Commons licenses require licensees to get permission to do any of the things with a work that the law reserves exclusively to a licensor and that the license does not expressly allow. Licensees must credit the licensor, keep copyright notices intact on all copies of the work, and link to the license from copies of the work. Licensees cannot use technological measures to restrict access to the work by others.

About the Licenses – The Three Layers

Creative Commons Licenses incorporate a unique and innovative “three-layer” design. Each license begins as a traditional legal tool, in the kind of language and text formats that most legal professionals know and love. We call this the Legal Code layer of each license.

But since most creators, educators, and scientists are not in fact legal professionals, the licenses are also available in a format that normal people (you and I) can read — the Commons Deed (also known as the “human readable” version of the license). The Commons Deed is a reference for licensors and licensees, summarising and expressing some of the most important terms and conditions. It might be helpful to think of the Commons Deed as a user-friendly interface to the Legal Code beneath, although the Deed itself is not a license, and its contents are not part of the Legal Code itself.

The final layer of the license design recognises that software, from search engines to office productivity to music editing, has an enormous role in the creation, copying, discovery, and distribution of created works. In order to make it easy for the Web to know when a work is available under a Creative Commons license, we provide a “machine readable” version of the license — a summary of the key freedoms and obligations written into a format that software systems, search engines, and other kinds of technology can understand. We developed a standardised way to describe licenses that software can understand called CC Rights Expression Language (CC REL) to accomplish this.

When taken together, the three layers of these licenses ensure that the spectrum of rights isn’t just a legal concept. It’s something that the creators of works can understand, their users can understand, and even the Web itself can understand.

 

The License – Attribution CC BY

This license lets others distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the original creation. This is the most accommodating of licenses offered. Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials.

 

The License – Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA

This license lets others remix, adapt, and build upon your work even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit you and license their new creations under the identical terms. This license is often compared to “copyleft” free and open source software licenses. All new works based on yours will carry the same license, so any derivatives will also allow commercial use. This is the license used by Wikipedia, and is recommended for materials that would benefit from incorporating content from Wikipedia and similarly licensed projects.

 

The License – Attribution-NoDerivs CC BY-ND

This license lets others reuse the work for any purpose, including commercially; however, it cannot be shared with others in adapted form, and credit must be provided to you.

 

The License – Attribution-NonCommercial CC BY-NC

This license lets others remix, adapt, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.

 

The License – Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike CC BY-NC-SA

This license lets others remix, adapt, and build upon your work non-commercially, as long as they credit you and license their new creations under the identical terms.

 

The License – Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs CC BY-NC-ND

This license is the most restrictive of the six main licenses, only allowing others to download your works and share them with others as long as they credit you, but they can’t change them in any way or use them commercially.

Close Menu